Variaciones anatómicas de las arterias radial y ulnar en miembros superiores plastinados / Anatomical variations of radial and ulnar arteries in plastinated upper limbs

Los avances en el área de la salud, con el desarrollo de nuevos procedimientos diagnósticos y quirúrgicos, requieren un conocimiento cada vez más preciso de la anatomía humana. La difusión de la disposición variable de la anatomía resulta primordial no sólo en el campo de la especialización o el postgrado, sino por sobre todo, en el pregrado, desde donde se formarán los especialistas que luego desarrollarán esas nuevas prácticas clínicas y quirúrgicas que requerirán una sólida formación anatómica. Es por esto que la aplicación correcta de técnicas anatómicas en las muestras anatómicas es fundamental para que esta enseñanza en el pregrado pueda desarrollarse de manera eficiente, teniendo la plastinación un rol fundamental en este sentido. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en dar a conocer el hallazgo de variaciones anatómicas arteriales en los miembros superiores de una muestra humana sometida al proceso de plastinación para fomentar, por un lado, la importancia del conocimiento anatómico en el pregrado, el postgrado y las especialidades, como así también la relevancia de la preservación a largo plazo de material biológico para la difusión continua de la anatomía.

SUMMARY: Advances in the area of health with the development of new diagnostic and surgical procedures require an increasingly precise knowledge of human anatomy. The diffusion of the variable arrangement of anatomy is essential not only in the field of specialization or postgraduate, but above all, in the undergraduate, from where the specialists will be trained who will later develop these new clinical and surgical practices that will require a solid anatomical background. This is why the correct application of anatomical techniques in anatomical samples is essential for this undergraduate teaching to be developed efficiently, plastination having a fundamental role in this regard. The aim of this work was to report the discovery of anatomical variations in the upper limbs of a human sample subjected to the plastination process to promote, on one hand, the importance of anatomical knowledge in undergraduate, postgraduate and specialties, as well as the relevance of long- term preservation of biological material for the continued dissemination of anatomy.

Arteria ulnar superficial, bilateral y antebraquial: similitudes y diferencias / Superficial ulnar artery, bilateral and antebrachial: similarities and differences

Describimos un hallazgo infrecuente de arteria ulnar superficial en ambos antebrazos de un cadáver, con origen en la arteria braquial, a nivel de la fosa cubital. Las arterias presentan un trayecto que dividimos en cuatro segmentos, a causa de sus flexuosidades. Ambos antebrazos presentan ausencia del músculo palmaris longus. Se resumen las principales teorías sobre su desarrollo y las complicaciones que pueden ser ocasionadas por su presencia y el eventual beneficio de la misma. Hasta el momento, no hemos encontrado en la literatura, una disposición morfológica de arterias ulnares superficiales como las aquí descritas.

We describe an infrequent finding of a superficial ulnar artery in both cadaver forearms, which originates in the brachial artery at cubital fossa level. The arteries have a path that we divided into four segments, because of their flexuosities. Both forearms showed an absence of the palmaris longus muscle. This summarizes the main theories about its development and the complications and eventual benefits that can be caused by its presence. So far, we have not found in the literature, a morphological disposition of superficial ulnar arteries such as those described here.

Superficial Ulnar Artery Rerouted with Embryological Basis- A Case Report.

Variations in course of the arteries are well documented. Knowledge of the variation of the arterial system is important during vascular and reconstructive surgeries, in the evaluation of angiographic images. During routine anatomical dissection of upper limb ,of adult male cadaver of 55 years in Department of anatomy, SNMC, Agra, we came across a variant origin of the ulnar artery, instead of terminal division of brachial artery it arose from the brachial artery at its lower 1/3 part ,also it followed a superficial course. Brachial artery in the cubital fossa divided into radial artery and common interosseous artery, also the anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent branches arose from the common interosseous branch instead of ulnar artery. Knowledge of this variation is important for anatomist, embryologist, radiologists keep pace with new emerging variations, also for orthopaedicians, surgeons for planning appropriately operative procedures involving this region.

Unilateral presenece of superficial ulner artery: A case report.

The variations in the arterial pattern of upper extremities are not uncommon. During routine dissection of right upper extremity of 55 years old male cadaver we found brachial artery gave an unusual branch, a superficial ulnar artery (SUA), just before its termination into radial &ulnar arteries. It ran superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis & muscles of front of forearm. The knowledge of variation in arterial pattern of upper limb is of great importance since many surgical and invasive procedures are performed on it. Also the course of SUA makes it prone for inadvertent intra-arterial injections misinterpreting it as vein. So nurses, medical students & clinicians should be aware about this variation.

High division of brachial artery with superficial course of radial and ulnar artery in left forearm.

Background: Variations in the vascular pattern of the upper limb are common in Indian population. Brachial artery is a continuation of axillary artery, it divides into its terminal branches namely radial and ulnar arteries at the level of neck of radius in the cubital fossa. In the present case, brachial artery bifurcated at its commencement below the lower border of teres major. Both the terminal branches, ulnar and radial artery had superficial course along the medial aspect of biceps brachii. In the cubital fossa, radial artery gave off common interosseous artery. In the forearm, radial artery had more superficial course than ulnar artery. Knowledge of these variations is important during vascular and re-constructive surgery and also in evaluation of angiographic images. Superficial position of ulnar and radial artery makes it more vulnerable to trauma and more accessible to cannulation.

A case report on variant ulnar artery.

During routine dissection for 1st MBBS students on 65 year old donated embalmed male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy, K.J.Somaiya Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, India, we observed an unusual branch of the brachial artery. The brachial artery terminated in the cubital fossa into radial and common interosseous arteries. The radial artery had normal course and branches. The common interosseous artery was deeper and gave anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent arteries, and terminated into anterior and posterior interosseous arteries. The unusual large branch from the brachial artery was a variant of ulnar artery, arose from the lateral side of the brachial artery, descended on the lateral side upto the cubital fossa and crossed the fossa from lateral to medial, superficial to median nerve. It then descended superficial to the muscles arising from medial epicondyle of the humerus and was covered by the deep fascia of the forearm, pierced the deep fascia proximal to the wrist, crossed the flexor retinaculum, and formed the superficial palmar arch. Throughout its course, this artery gave no branch. There was no associated altered anatomy of the nerves observed in the specimen. The left upper limb of the same cadaver was normal. The photographs of the variations were taken for proper documentation and for ready reference. The embryological basis of the variation is presented.